George III: Children


Figure 1.--Here we see four of King George III's children. The portrait was painted by Johan Zoffany in 1771. I am not sure who is who, but I think they are four oldest children. The two boys in the center are the future George IV and the Duke of York. The boy at the left is presumably the future William IV. I'm less sure about the child at the right, but assume it is the Princess Royal Charlotte Augusta Matilda.

George III certainly fullfilled his responsibility to produce an heir to the throne. He was by all accounts a loving father ti his many children, although his relationship with his oldest son the Prince of Wales (future George IV) became very strained. George III certainly had ample opportunity to hone his parenting skills. He had 15 children! Two of the children, George IV and William IV would succeed their father. The Duke of York, another child would not suceed, but his daughter Victoria would. Which meant the end of the Hannover dynasty. We know very little about the rest of the children at this time.

George IV (1762- )

George Augusta Frederick was born in 1762. He is ine of the most chronicled Prince of Wales in the history of Britain, in part because he presided over a regency while his father was considered mad (insane). George III's relationship with his oldest son became very strained. George IV ruled only 10 years as his father lived for an extended period. George IV is better known as the Prince Regent as he acted for his father diring his periods of "madness". His often flagerent imorrality was in sharp contrast to the rule of his niece Victoria who gave her name to a periuod of suposed moral rectitude. It was expected that his daughter Charlotte would become queen when it became apparent that William IV would leave no heir. Leopold lived in England from 1816 through 1830. Leopold married the heiress to the British throne, Princess Charlottee, daughter of the Prince Regent (who became George IV) in 1816. He became a British subject in preperation for his role as consorft to the Queen. He planned to serve as the husband of the Queen. His plans were dashed when the Princess died a year later. The Princess was as strongly loved by the people of England as her father was disliked. She died on November 6th, 1817, at age 21, from complications of childbirth, after bearing a dead child. The loss of the potential queen and her heir was deeply felt by the British people. Leopold continued living in England for several years, but far from the center of affairs which he had anticipated as the wife of the Princess of Wales and heir to the throne. This tenire in England layed the groundwork for the mairrage of his nephew, Prince Albert to marry another young British royal--Queen Victoria.

Frederick Augustus, Duke of York (1763- )

Frederick Augustus was born in 1763. He was styled Duke of York, the traditional tytle for the second son of the monarch. Close in age to George, the two were very close as boys. He died before his childless brother George IV and thus never became king.

William IV (1765- )

William was born in 1765. He succeeded his childless brother George, but left no heirs of his own, thus paving the way for the accession of his niece Victoria. William IV is an almost forgotten king in English history. He ruled briefly and there was no war furing his reign which was sanwiched between the buch better known reigns of George IV and Victoria. William was the eldest surviving brother of George IV. I have no information yet on his boyhood. He married Adelaide, daughter of the Grand Duke of Saxe-Meininghen. They had two children, whom both died as infants. William spent many years at sea, commanding ships and later became the Admiral of the Fleet. Before succeeding to the throne, he had a mistress in Dorothea Jordan, or otherwise known as Dorothy Bland, who was a popular actress of the day. They settled down together and had 10 children. When William's allowance was low, which was frequent as it was a meagre one, Dorothy would put on her grease-paint and take to the stage, once again, to raise cash. After 20 years, William realised that he was no longer in love with her and paid Mrs. Jordan a pension in order to release himself for a marriage of wealth. The seeking of this marriage took 7 years and Mrs. Jordan died of a broken heart in those years. William eventually found Princess Adelaide, she brought no dowry, only a promise that she would look after his illegitimate children. Princess Adelaide was a good hearted and kind woman. At this stage William was only third in line to the throne, but with the death of Frederick Duke of York, he became heir. He was 65 years old when he was crowned King. William IV ruled from 1830-37. Nobody expected much of him and he was referred to him as "silly Billy". Britons hoped that he would be easier to respect than his hated brother. He did some good for British politics by creating enough Whig Peers to force the Great Reform Bill through the Tory House of Lords. He died at the age of 71.

Charlotte Augusta Matilda (1766)

Princess Royal Charlotte Augusta Matilda was born in 1766.

Edward Augustus (1767- )

Prince Edward Augustus was born in 1767. He was styled Duke of Kent. He died before his childless brother William and thus did not become king. It was, however, his daughter Victoria who became one of the most important monarchs in British history.

Augusta Sophia (1768- )


Elizabeth (1770- )


Ernest Augustus I (1771- )

Ernest Augustus was born in 1771. He returned to Germany and became King of Hanover.

Augustus Frederick (1773- )

Augustus Frederic was born in 1773. He became Duke of Sussex.

Adolphus Frederick (1774- )

Adolphus Frederick was born in 1774. He became the First of Cambridge.

Princess Mary (1776- )


Sophia Matilda (1777- )


Octavius (1779- )


Alfred (1780- )


Amelia (1783- )









HBRC








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Created: 6:28 PM 1/31/2005
Last updated: 6:28 PM 1/31/2005