Bavarian Royalty: Prince Adalbert (1828-75)

We know very little about Prince Adalbert Wilhelm Georg Prinz von Bayern at this time. He was a member of the House of Wittelsbach--the youngest son of King Ludwig I. Thus he had the title Prinz von Bayern.He was born (1828). His mother was Therese Charlotte Luise Prinzessin von Sachsen-Hildburghausen. Prince Adalbert Amelia de Borbón, Infanta de España, daughter of Francisco de Paula de Borbón, Duque de Cádiz and Luisa Carlota di Borbone, Principessa delle Due Sicilie. They married in Madeid (1856). Prince Adalbert died at Nymphenburg, Germany (21875). He was only 47 years old. We do have an image of one of his grandsons.

Parents


Father

I had always thought that Ludwig II, Mad King Ludwig, was the most colorful monarch, on the Bavarian crown, but his grandfather Ludwig I achieved considerable notariety himself during his reign. King Ludwig I of Bavaria, Max Joseph's son, brought artists such as Klenze, Gärtner and Cornelius to Munich. He moved the University from Landshut to the city in 1826 and appointed renowned scientists, philosophers and historians to important positions. He built extensively and was responsible for the Feldherrnhalle, the Alte Pinakothek and the Ludwigsbrücke. Ludwig I was forced to agree to a democratic consitution as part of the revolutions sweeping Europe. Rather than rule in a democratic Bavaria, Ludwig I abdicated. There were also complications arising from his relationship with dancer Lola Montez. Interestingly, the world also owes Oktoberfest to the Bavarian family--the Wittelsbach dynasty. Oktoberfest began as a public celebration of the wedding in 1810 of the Crown Prince, who later became King Ludwig I, to Princess Theresia. The event was such success that it has been continued every year since.

Mother

Ludwig married Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen, in Munich during 1810.

Siblings

The Royal couple had nine children.

Maximilian II (1811-64)

Their eldest son Maximillian succeeded his father as King Maximillian II of Bavaria. He was born in 1811. Bavaria was a center for anti-Prussian and anti-unification sentiment within the German Federation. Partly as a result of a heavily Catholic population it was a bulwark against socialism among the German states. Maximillian accepted the Crown after his father abdicated. He also had a large building program and brought many prominent scientists and artists to Munich. He was a reformer who overhauled the judicial system and introduced freedom of the press. A new road, Maximilianstraße, was built on his instructions. The Maximilianeum, at the eastern end of the road, is now the seat of the Bavarian parliament. Maximillian had two sons, Ludwig and Otto. He had excentric ideas about raising his children and his inflexible rule was probably the major cause of the mental instability of both boys. Eventually their uncle Luitpold, Maximillian's younger brother, had to serve as regent.

Mathilde (1813-62)

Mathilde was born in 1813 at Augsburg. She married Grand Duke Ludwig III von Hessen und bei Rhein (18??-1877), the son of Ludwig II, Grand Duke von Hessen und bei Rhein who reigned from 1830-1848 and Princess Wilhelmine von Baden (1806-77). The marriage took place in Munich during 1833. Ludwig III replaced his father as Grand Duke during the 1848 revolutions which swept Germany anfd the rest of Europe. Princess Mathilde died in 1862 at Darmstadt.

Fredrich Ludwig (1815- )

Freferich Ludwig was born in 1815 at Salzburg. He married Duchess Amelie von Oldenburg (1818-75), daughter of Paul Friedrich August, Grand Duke von Oldenburg and Princess Adelheid von Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym. The marriage took place in Oldenburg during 1836. Frederich Ludwig accepted the throne offered him by the European powers and was crowned King Otto I of the Hellenes in 1832. Otto was only 17 years of age so a Bavarian regency was destablished to rule the war-devestated county. The Bavarians ruled imperiously, imposing high taxes and attempted to set up a centarlized bureacracy. Some of the German influence in Greece, such as in Greek art and academia, probably originate with the Bavarian monarchy. A bloodleess revolt occurred in 1843. Otto was compeled to dismiss his Bavarian advisers and accept a democratic constitution. His unpopularity inceased when in 1854 supported France and England when war broke out in the Crimea. An army revolt and subsequent national assembly deposed Otto in 1862. The Great Powers acquised. He returned to Bavaria and died at Bamberg in 1867.

Theodolinde (1816-17)

Princess Theolinde died in infancy.

Luitpold (1821-1912)

Prince Luitpold was born in 1821 at Wuerzburg. He married Archduchess Auguste of Austria (1825-64), Princess of Tuscany, daughter of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Archduke of Austria and Princess Maria Anna of Saxony. The marriage took place at Firenze in 1844. Luitpold became Prince-Regent of Bavaria 1886. Prince Luitpold was the fourth child of King Ludwig I and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen. Mephews Ludwig and Otto reigned as kings. Prince Luitpold acted as regent (1886-1912) during the reign of Otto I. This was of some concern to Chancellor Bismark as Bavaria was part of the German Empire. Perhaps out of consideration of his brother, Prince Luitpold was never crowned and served as regent. Many commentators assume that Prince Luitpold instigated the conspiracy to declare Otto insane. The view is that Prince Luitpold usurpered the Bavarian Crown. Others argue that nothing could be further from the truth. The Prince in fact waited and considered matters for nearly 3 months before accepting the advise of Prime Minister Lutz and the Cabinet. The Prince married Archduchess Augusta of Tuscany (Habsburg-Lotharingen) in 1844. They had four children. The eldest was Ludwig (1845). After over 20 years as Regent, Prince Luitpold was finally succeeded by his son, Ludwig III in 1913. Bavaria while Ludwig II was still king was swept up in the War against France and the unification of German under the Crown of Prussia. Bavaria entered the North German Confederation by treaty on November 23, 1870, becoming a part of the German Empire.

Adegunde (1823-1914)

Princess Adegunde was born in 1823 at Wuerzburg. She married Francesco V, Duke of Modena (1819-75), Archduke of Austria-Este, son of Francesco IV, Duke of Modena, Archduke of Austria-Este and Princess Maria Beatrice de Savoie. The marriage tookmplace in Munich during 1842. The Princess died in Munich during 1914.

Hildegarde (1825-64)

Princess Hildegarde was born in 1825 at Wuerzburg. She married Archduke Albrecht Friedrich Rudolf of Austria (1817-95), Duke of Teschen, son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria, Duke of Teschen and Princess Henriette von Nassau-Weilburg. They were married in Munich during 1844. Princess Hildegarde died in Vienna in 1864.

Alexandra (1826-75)

Princess Alexandra was born at Aschaffenburg in 1826. She died in 1875 at Munich.

Adalbert (1828-75)

Prince Adalbert was born in 1828 at Munich.

Childhood

Prince Adalbert was the gtoungest of King Ludwig I's children--the baby of the family.

Education


Marriage

Prince Adalbert married the Infanta (Princess) Amalia of Spain (1834-1905), daughter of Infant (Prince) Francisco de Paula of Spain, Duke of Cadiz and Princess Luisa of The Two Sicilies. The marriage took place in Madrid during 1856.

Children

Prince Adalbert and Maria had five children.

Ludwig Ferdinand (1859-1949)

Prince Ludwig Ferdinand, as his mother was Spanish, was born in Madrid during 1859. He married the Infanta (Princess) Maria de La Paz of Spain (1862-1946), daughter of Queen Isabel II of Spain (1833-70) and Infant (Prince) Francisco de Asis of Spain, Duke of Cadiz. Isabella was the daughter of Ferdinand VII. His decission to suspend the Salic Law and to allow his infant daughter to succed him was disputed by his brother Charles. The ensuing Carlista War pitted the liberals who backed Isabella's claim against the more reactionary forces who backed Charles' claim to the throne. The marriage of Ludwig Ferdinand to Maria was held in Madrid during 1883. The royal couple had three children: Ferdinand Msaria Ludwig Franz (1884-1958), Adalbert (1886-1970), and Maria del Pilar (1891-1987). Ludwig Ferdinand died in 1949 in Nymphenburg. Princess Maria del Pilar was a talented artist whose sold her works with some success. She painted wihb a modern touch and bright, bold colors and brushstrokes. Dhe also was an authoress, she authored a biography of her cousin, King Alfonso XIII--Ever Inch a King. She served for 40 years as head of the Bavarian Red Cross.


Figure 1.--This portrait is of Prince Alfons' wife Princess Louise Victoire d'Orleans and their son Prince Joseph Clemens. It looks to have been taken about 1908-09. He wears what looks like a satin suit and large lace collar and wrist trim.

Alfons (1862-1933)

Prince Alfons was born in 1862 in Munich. He married Princess Louise Victoire d'Orleans (1869-1952), daughter of Ferdinand, Duc d'Alencon and Duchess Sophie in Bavaria. The marriage was held in Nymphenburg duruing 1891. Princess Louise Victoire d'Orleans was born in Bushy Park, I think as her father was living in exile. She died in Munich. Prince Alfons died in Munich during 1933. Prince Alfons and Princess Louise Victoire had two children. Prince Joseph Clemens was born in 1902 at Munich and died in 1990 in Munich. W know little about Prince Alfons. A portrait of him with his mother looks to have been taken about 1908-09. He is wearing what looks like a satin suit and large lace collar and wrist trim. His sister Princess Elisabeth was born in 1913 at Munich. She married twice. The first time in 1939 at Nymphenburg to Count Franz Joseph von Kageneck (1915-39), son of Count Karl von Kageneck and Freiin Maria von Schorlemer. He was killed in battle at Staritza on December 29, 1941 Staritza, during the Soviet Winter Offensive. She married Ernst Kuestner in 1944.

Marie Elisabeth (1863-1924)

Princess Marie Elisabeth was born during 1863 at Nymphenburg. She married Tommaso (1854-1931), Duke of Genoa, Prince of Savoie, son of Ferdinando, Duke of Genoa, Prince of Savoie and Princess Maria Elisabeth of Saxony. They were married during 1883 at Nymphenburg. Princess Marie Elisabeth died in Rome during 1924.

Elvira (1868-1943)

Princess Elvira of Bavaria was born during 1868 in Munich. She married Rudolf, Count von Wrbna-Kaunitz-Rietberg-Questenberg (1864-1927) at Nymphenburg in 1891. Princess Elvira died in Vienna during 1943.

Klara (1874-1941)

Princess Klara of Bavaria was born during 1874 at Nymphenburg . She died in Munich during 1941.







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Created: February 14, 2003
Last updated: 8:09 PM 8/28/2012