Figure 1.-- These Seoul school boys in 1974 wear the same cadet school unifirms that Japanese boys wear. This id a residual affect of Japan's colonization of Korea in the early-20th century. |
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The basic school system is divided into the standard primary and secondary levels. There are also kindergartens as well as of course higher education. The education system is one of the finest in Asia with very high standards. Korea has a traditionof scholarship which has been continued into modern times. We do not have a lot of information, but we do not see a lot of uniforms at primary schools. We think private schools do tend to have unifirms, but this needed to be confirmed. SEcondary schools on the other hand do have uniforms which are similar to those worrn in Japan.
Kindergartens exist for children 3-5 years of age. Unlike primary school, it is not compulsory.
Primary education in Korea is free, compulsory and provides the general basic education necessary in daily life. In contrast to the low primary enrollment at the time of national foundation, the current rate has soared to 99.9%, which means practically all children are provided with primary education. Children begin primary school as age 6 and runs for 6 years, the chldren finising at age 11-12 years. Such a quantitative growth is due essentially to educational zeal among the public and the appropriate educational policies of the government. The heavy concentration of school population in urban areas, however, has brought about overcrowded classes and oversized schools in cities which
may hinder efforts to improve the quality of education. Accordingly, the government enacted an education tax in 1982 to secure financial resources to enhance the educational environment and improve teachers' socioeconomic status. As a result, the number of students per class has dropped to 34.9 in
1998. Oversized schools were divided into smaller ones and the double-shift system of classes has all but disappeared. The government will continue to strive to normalize primary education Primary school teachers are educated at teachers' colleges, the Korean National University of Education, the Korean National Open University, graduate schools of education, and departments of primary education within colleges of education. Most primary school teachers are educated at the 11 national teachers' colleges. Two-year teachers' colleges have been upgraded to four-year colleges granting bachelor's degrees. Since1986, teachers’ colleges have offered night and seasonal courses geared for a bachelor’s degree to meet the needs of in-service teachers who, for one reason or another, do not hold them.
Middle schools are considered to be a part of a child's scecondary school education. The children begin at age 12 years and runs for 3 years. Children used to take a test for admission to middle school. The government abolished entrance exams to middle schools in 1969. Applicants are assigned to schools near their homes by lottery. The primary school program is basically standard. Beginning with middle school there are a range of different school programs. There are acacademic middle schools as well as other programs (air and correspondence, schools attached to industrial firms, trade schools, and civic high schhols).
High schools have a 3 year program and the children begin at age 15 years. There are acacademic middle schools as well as other programs (air and correspondence, schools attached to industrial firms, and trade schools). The alternative programs follow the program begun in middle schools.
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