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We believe there was a Hull Jewish School, perhaps more than one. There was a substantial Jewish community in Hull, a sea port on the Huber. It was the principal port from which European Jews (mostly Russian and Polish) flowed to North America, South America and Australia in the late 19th and early 20th century.. The major destiatuin was America. Many other northrn European migrants were involved, but a great Jew headed to America traveled through Hull. We do not know a great deal about the Hull Jewish community, but there were quie a number of synagogues so there must have been at least one school. We are not sure to what extent English Jews attended private and public schools rather than their own schools.
Surely over 300 years of Roman occupation, some Jews must have reached Britain. There are, however, no written records. The Jews would have been largely urban. The Anglo-Saxon invaders destoyed the urban culture of Roman Britain and this probably included the Jews in those towns. We know there were Jews in Anglo-Saxon Britain, in part because there were laws concerning Jews. We do not, however, have details on Jewish communities are know where these Jews came from. There are written records of Jewish during the Norman era. Some Jews arrived with William the Conqueror (1066). Anti-semitism developed in England as in the rest of Western Europe. The accusation of the Blood libel appears to have originated in England (12th century). Edward I expelled England's Jews (1290). Thus for nearly four centuries there were no Jews permitted in England, although a small number apparently practiced their religion in secret. A small group of Sephardic Jews were uncovered in Londpn during the Civil war era (1656). Lord Proctor Oliver Cromwell decided not to expell them, in part because of his financial situation. Even so, the prohibition on Jews was not rescinded. The Jewish population continued to be very small. The concern over emancipation was shown with the Jew Bill (1753). The process of emancipation was gradual, but the kep step was probably allowing Jews to become members of Parliament (1858). One of England's greatest priminister was Benjamin Disreali. Full emancipation was not achieved until later (1890s). These steps and the absence of violence aimed at Jews gradually resulted in England acquiring a reputation for tolerance. Englad's Jewish population remained relatively small. With the rise of the NAZIs in Germany, Jews began fleeing Germany and areas seized by the Germans (Austria and Czechoslovakia, England allowed only small numbers of Jews to enter (1930s). An exception was the Kindertransport children. Britain's Jews were spared the Holocaust, because the Germans were unable to invade. The Germans did arrest and deport Jews from the Channel Islabds. Britain's small Jewish community is today vibrant even with rising abti-semitism.
Kingston upon Hull, normally referred to as just Hull, is a Yorkshre port city of about 250,000 inhabitants located on the northern bank of the Humber estuary in northern England. The Hull and Huber river join to flow into the Huber Estuary. Hull has a long history. King Edward I renamed it Kingstown (1299). It developd as an important market town and port and thus a tradeing hub. It was also a fishing and whaling port. It has played arole as a military outpost ad stageing area. It played an important role in the English Civil War. It developed an industrial ecobomy. It was an important center oif abolistionit sentiment leading to abolition of the slave trade. The short rail coinnection to Liverpool made it an important stop in the 19th and early 20th century trans-Atlantic emigrant trade. The German Luftwaffe heavily bombed the city in World War II (1940-41).
A Jewish community in Hull dates from the 18th century. There was a substantial Jewish community in Hull, a sea port on the Huber. We do not know a great deal about the Hull Jewish community, but there were quie a number of synagogues so there must have been at least one school if not more.
Hull was the principal port from which European Jews (mostly Russian and Polish) flowed to North America, South America and Australia in the late 19th and early 20th century.. The major destianation was America. Many other northrn European migrants were involved, but a great Jew headed to America traveled through Hull. Scadinavians took ships to Hull. I am not sure about the route of Jews. I think they may have traveled by rail to aGerman port. There they took a ship to Hull and then a train to Liverppol where they embarked for America and other destinations. There were also ships from Hamburg directly to America. British and Grman shipping lines competing in the lucrative trans-Atlantic trade of brining emigrants to America. A plaque in Hull rads, "This plaque commemorates the 2.2 million people who passed through the Emigration Platform at Paragon Station, Kngston upon Hull. Between 1850 and 1914 it was the first stop for up to one thousand people a day who were on their way from mainland Europe tonmake new lives in the U.S.A., Canada and South Africa."
We are not sure to what extent English Jews attended private and public schools rather than their own schools.
A photo dealer tells us, "I think this photograph (figure 1) was taken in the Hull Area as "Hull" was marked on the box of negatives. I also presume to think it is a Victorian pwrhaps expensive private Hull Jewish school because some of the boys are wearing scull caps in the other negatives." I thought perhaps the dealer was confusing scull caps with peaked caps. He writes, however, "I looked as hard as i could, but i can't see a brim to thier caps. I pretty sure that its a small private Jewih school." HBC is not sure about this. As you can see, the boy here wears a school cap with a very small brim. This was the style at the time, later in the century school caps had larger brims. Notice how dressed up the children are for the beach. Non-British readers should be aware thst Hull faces the North sea and the water is very cold--even in the summer. We believe there was a Hull Jewish School, perhaps more than one. One school was called the Hull Hebrew School. We know there was a Jewish school operating in 1905, butwe do not know when it was founded. We note it was still operating in the 1920s.
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