Figure 1.--Here thanks to the placard we know about the class. It was a 4th fgrade class meaning boys about 10 years old. The photograph wastakevduring thevsummer (Juky 1969). This school was still an all boys school. Many Germans schools, especially primaruy schools had gone coed by the 1960s. The B orobably means that there were at least two 4th grade classes at the school. We think it was a West German school, Lederhosen were not common in East Germany. Weseea lotogb Grman nboys wearinnlongb pantsby the late 1960s, but here short pants were still common.

Before World War II, most German children attended single-gender schools. The primary exception was small village primary schools. We see German schools becoming increasingly coed during the 1960s. Primary schools had always been afforded education to girls, usually in separate classes. . Less so secondary education and university placements. The post war expansion of women's education included secondary schools and universities. The German secondary system was highly expanded in the 1950s. Before the War, the secondary system had very high standards and was relatively small with many more boys attended than girls. The NAZIs discouraged advancing girls to university. Their basic approach to girls and women was "Kinder, Küche, Kirche" (children, kitchen, church). They wanted children that could become soldiers for German war machine. This was reversed in post-War Germany where girls and young women flooded into secondary schools and universities.

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Created: 4:04 AM 9/20/2025
Last updated: 4:04 AM 9/20/2025