* French Boys Clothes: Regions--Corsica








French Boys Clothes: Regions--Savoy


Figure 1.--This is a peasant family from Savoy, France in 1914. Savoy was transferred from the Hoiuse of Savoy (soon to be Italian royal dynasty) in 1860 as part of the Treaty of Turinan. It was an arrangement that would lead to Italian unification.

Savoy is a a French province located on the border between France, Italy, and Switzerland. It has a fascinating history. The major continuity has been the House of Savoy. It was King Rudolph III of Burgundy officially insalled the House of Savoy (1003), Burgundy at the time before the develooment of the modern European nation states was a major power, for a time challenging the French monarchy. The House of Savoy became the longest surviving royal house in Europe. It reigned over the County of Savoy (through 1416). The House of Sovoy then reigned over the Duchy of Savoy (1416 to 1860). The modern situation began with the French Revolution (1789). As a result of the military victories of the French Revolutionary armies, the new Frencg Republic annexed Savoy (1792) and remained French territory until Napoleon was finally defeated. The Congress of Vienna returned it to the House of Savoy. Emperor Napoleon II oversaw the annexation of Savoy and the adjoining county of Nice to France (1860). There was a plebiscite, but it was run by the French Army and rigged. Savoyards at the time somewhat like Alsatians on the French-German border were not clearly French or Italians. An Italian reader explains, "In Savoy the historical traditional language was the Franco-Provençal dialect as in many Piedmont and Val d'Aosta Alps villages. Franco-Provençal during the mideval era was a lanugae wide spolken in souther and central France. Since the transfer to France, French was mandated as the official language and was the only language used in the public schools. The situation in neighboring Italy is different in Val d'Aosta (Italy) where the children are taught both in Italian and in French. The transfer of Savoy to France was part of the Treaty of Turin negotiated by French Emperor Napoleon III and King Victor Emmanuel II who was the reigning monarch of the House of Savoy, at the time ruling the Kingdom of Sardinia which inckuded Piedmont (northern Italy). (Piedmont was the more important part of the Kingdom, but for historical reasons it was known as the Kingdom of Sardinia.) This was a step in the process of Italian unification. Victor Emmanuel ratained his Italian lands of Piedmont and Liguria and became the ruling dynasty of the new Kingdom of Italy. For a time savoy was a militarily neutral zone and a free trade zone. Savoy became permanently part of France, except for the brief World War II Italian occupation (1940-44). Still debated today is the desire of the Savoyards to become French.






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Created: 9:06 AM 8/14/2020
Last updated: 9:06 AM 8/14/2020