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We do not yet have much information on Indonesian boyhood activities. Hopefully Indonesia readers will provide more information about the range of boyhood activities. As in most countries, school is the single most important activity. We do have a school page. There were no schools as such until the Dutch arrived, although there probanly were Islamic madrassas. The Dutch did not found a mass public education system, but they did open schools in the cities. We do not know much about the Dutch schools at this time. Indonesia became independent after a brief war for independence following World War II. The Indonesian Government did found a mass public education system We are not sure to what extent sport is a part of the school program. As in all Muslim countries, religion is an important matter. Sport is in recent years has become increasingly important. The most popular sport is soccer and is played at all levels. The relationship between Islam and sport is interesting. Generally speaking, sport is less important in Muslim countries than the West. Here there seems to be a mix of economic and religious factirs at play. Indonesia is an increasingly prosperous country with a tradition of moderate Islam.
We do not yet have much information on Indonesian holidays. We do have a page on Christmas.
Religion as in most Muslim majority countries is an important part of Indonesian life. Religion influence political, cultural and economical trends in the country. The great monotheistic religions (Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism) are practiced in Indonesia, although Islam is dominant. Indonesia is a very diverse country. And along with the great religious traditions, there are also primitive cultures that practice animest believes in Kalimantan, Irian Jaya, and other locations. There are several unique religious beliefs among some communities in Java, Bali, and Sumatra. Some areas have a very mixed religious pattern: parts of Sumatra, Celebes, the Moluccas, have a Christian majority or large Christian minorities even among the non-Chinese population. Even on Java, which is predominantly Muslim, Roman Catholics may amount to up to 10 prcent in some areas. Religion among other important influenced affecting fashion. Islam, though requiring modesty, has never set rules as to the actual length of trousers, certainly not for men.
We have only limited information on Indonesia at this time. There were no schools as such until the Dutch arrived, although there probanly were Islamic madrassas. The Dutch did not found a mass public education system, but they did open schools in the cities. We do not know much about the Dutch schools at this time. Indonesia became independent after a brief war for independence following World War II. The Indonesian Government did found a mass public education system We are not sure when school uniforms were first introduced, but ghey are quite common in Indonesia. Indonesian boys tend to wear short pants through junior highschool, often with colorful uniform shorts. Indonesia is one of the few Moslem countries where boys wear short pants as school uniform. There are different ethnic and religious groups in Indonesia. There are Chinese in most cities and their is a Hibdu population on Bali. The school uniform shorts were quite short in the 1960s and 70s. Much longer shorts became standard in the 1990s. We do not know if there are national rules or the uniform is determined by each school. A HBC readder tells us, "Here are two students in Bali wearing school uniforms in 2005. The shirt has what looked like a paisley pattern in blue. Only one appears to be wearing a tie, but I am not sure about the other student. They wore navy blue shorts. They both wear white ankle socks and black shoes. They appear to be 15 to 16 years old. This picture was taken at 11:30am and the students were waiting at their parents stall before going to the second sitting of school for the day.
Sport is in recent years has become increasingly important. The most popular sport is soccer and is played at all levels. The relationship between Islam and sport is interesting. Generally speaking, sport is less important in Muslim countries than the West. Here there seems to be a mix of economic and religious factors at play. Indonesia is an increasingly prosperous country with a tradition of moderate Islam.
Indonesia was a basically agricultural country until after World War II. Indonesian children worked from a very early age. The bys worked with their fathers in the fields. Rice was the principal crop. In the villages boys worked with their fathers in artisan shops. Girls mostly helped their mothers with househild chores. Dutch misionaries began founding schools in the 19th century, but ony sm,all numbers of childten were involved. The Dutch Government eventually began opening schools, but on a limyed basis. Most children, esopcially in the countrysude worked until independence was achieved (1949) abd the Indionesian Government began building a public school system. It might be thought that this was the result of Dutch exploitation of its colonies. This was a factor, but the economy was also a factor. An agricultural economy did not generate the same income of an industrial economy. Not only was money not available at the government level, but parents needed the children to work to support the family. Thus Indonesia could not support institutions that industrial economies could generate like public education. For some reason, public school text books in the West connct capitalism with child labor. Just the oppoite is the case. Oublic schools began as capitalism and industrualization began to transform Europe and Amererica. In Undonesia's case, it was the oil resource that helped build a public school system.
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