Figure 1.--This pre-World War I Austrian post card shows a child dressed in what looks like a Gypsey costume, at least the sash and hand band.
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Figure 1.--This pre-World War I Austrian post card shows a child dressed in what looks like a Gypsey costume, at least the sash and hand band. |
Austria in the 19th century became a dual monarchy known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Gypsies were a part of the Austrian folk tradition. The gypsies are more associated with Hungary, but as part of the same country, they became an important part pf the Austrian folk tradition as well. The energetic gypsey folk tradition also influenced the music of Hungary and Austria. The gypsies were looked down on in Austria. We note post cards picturing children in gypsey dress, but have not noted parents have their children photographed in gypsey costumes. Even before the rise of Hitler, the public in Austria and police officials complained about gypsies. After the Anschluss, the NAZIs targeted Austrian gypsies for sterilization or extermination. Inspient anti-semitism in Germany was expanded and intensified by the NAZIs as a primary policy. In the case of the gypsies, persecution appears to have developed as result from local demands as well as an outgrowth of NAZI racial policies. [Lewy]
Guenther Lewy, The Nazi Persecution of the Gypsies (Oxford University Press, New York 2001).
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