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Modern Spain has a population approsching 50 million prople, just below the tier of major European countries. The population has been growing slowly in recent years, under 1 percent. Spain's fertility rate like much of Europe has been falling. The primary reason are the increasing number of single people and increased average age of women bearing their first child. These trends have become proinounced after Soain joined tthe European Unioin and fflect trends in Europe as a whole. There are now fewer Spamish women having children in their twenties. It is unclear how Spain will be affected by the largely illegal African immigration. The population is a mixed ethnicity of the original Neolothic people, Carthginians, Celts, Romans, Visigoths, North African Moors, and many others. This was not unusual for the major European countries. With the victory of the Reconquista, the Spanish State and Church launched a campaign of 'purifiction' conducted by the Inquisition obstensibly focused on religion, but with racial ovetones. The modern Spainish Kingdom was the result of the accretion of several independent Iberian states dutring the Reconquista, including León, Castile, Navarre, Aragon including Catalonia, and ultimastely Granada in the south. The Bawques and Catalans have independence movements. The population density (91 inhabitants per square kilometer) is rather low for Europe. This reflects the fact that large areas of Spain are not well-wattered--severly limiting population in an aricultural society. The result is different if only inhabited areas are considered. Then Spain has the highest real density population in Europe, excluding the micro states. The most densely populated area of Spain is the coastal zone, with the exception of Madrid--the inland capital. The Spanish populstion doubled in the 20th century, but not evenly. The country has experienced a substantial internal migration from the rural interior to the industrial nd commerciasl cities. There were 11 of Spain's more rural 50 fifty provinces which experiebced an absolute decline in population. Emigration has been a factor in the demograohic pattern, primrily migration to Latin America. Spain was a rare European country without significnt enigration to the United States. Here religion sppesars to have been the orimary facto
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