America during World War II: Internment of Civilians (1942-45)


Figure 1.--Japanese Americans from Los Angeles are lined up here for inspection at an assessmbly center during the 1942 relocation of Japanese Americans. For those familar with the Holocaust, this is a chilling image. War Reloacation Authority. National Archives.

Some children were more adversely affected by the war. Although not separated from their patents, Japanese Americans in Pacific coast states were interned in concentration or relocation camps as they were called. Italian and German families were also interned, but only aliens or those whose parents have been involved or suspected of involvement in subversive activites. President Roosevelt in February 1942 signed the order "evacuating" Japanese, most of whom were Japanese citizens, from the West Coast. The order only affected the West Coast, not the Japanese on Hawaii. About 127,000 Japanese Americans were interned. It was one of the most grevious violations of the civil rights of American citizens in United States history. While the internment of Japanese Americans was a terrible injustice, depriving them of their property in many instances and their freedom for several years, the camps were quite different than the the NAZI and Japanese concentration camps. The internees were given adequate food and the children attended local schools. Japanese Americans formed Boy Scout troops such as at the Gila River Relocation Center, Arizona, during 1943.

Bulgarians

The United States declared war on Japan December 8, 1941 afyer a stiring speech by President Roosevelt. A perfunctory declaration of war on Germany and Italy after the other two principal Axis powers declared war on the United States. The United States did no at first bother to declare war on Germany's allis, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania. The Unites States only declared war on Bulgaria ???, 1941 after a request from the Soviets. We have no information on the internment of Bulgarians.

Germans


Hungarians

The Unites States only declared war on Hungary ???, 1941 after a request from the Soviets. We have no information on the internment of Hungarians.

Italians


Japanese

Japanese American children were severly affected by the war. Those living in Pacific coast states were move into concentragtion camps. Although not separated from their patents, Japanese Americans in Pacific coast states were interned in concentration or relocation camps as they were called. Italian and German families were also interned, but only aliens or those whose parents have been involved or suspected of involvement in subversive activites. The Japanese were treated differently in part because of Peal Harbor, but racial factors were a signoificant factor. President Roosevelt in February 1942 signed the order "evacuating" Japanese, most of whom were Japanese citizens, from the West Coast. Like the Germans, American authorities developed euphenisms for what was done to the Japanese. The order only affected the West Coast, not the Japanese on Hawaii. About 127,000 Japanese Americans were interned. It was one of the most grevious violations of the civil rights of American citizens in United States history. While the internment of Japanese Americans was a terrible injustice, depriving them of their property in many instances and their freedom for several years, the camps were quite different than the the NAZI and Japanese concentration camps. The internees were given adequate food and the children attended local schools. Japanese Americans formed Boy Scout troops such as at the Gila River Relocation Center, Arizona, during 1943.

Romanians

The Unites States only declared war on Romania ???, 1941 after a request from the Soviets. We have no information on the internment of Romanians.






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Created: May 26, 2003
Last updated: 3:14 AM 11/16/2004