Nursery or pre-schools are modern phenomenon dating to the indistrial revolution. Before that the ecoolomies around the world were based on agriculture and children stayed close to home. Public schools appeared about the same time as the Industriasl Revolution (late-18th century). Even when public schools began to be organized, the younger children mostltly stayed close to home. We so see some very young children at rural schools. This seems up to the teavher's disgression. Thir education was largely up to mother. And also about the same time educators began to talk about education and the special needs of the younger children. The Industrial Revolution meant that fathers and sometines mothers had to work at increasing distances from home. Before the Industrial Revolution, weaving was commonly done as piece work at home. The Industrial Revolution shifted production from the home to a factory where labor-saving machiery was installed. The distances increased as larger and more efficent maschinery was deveoped. This all began in Britain and spread to the Continent. The process soon reached America. And as it did the need for child care increased. This was at first provided by Dame Schools which often was just day care with little real education. Pre-schools were more advanced in Europe with important educators addressing the issue. The first formal schools in America were Kindergarten based on German advances. We see some in the late-19 century in the major cities, but for most American children at the turn-of the 20th century, education began with the 1st grade at about 6 years of age.
Hoslery, Eleanor. "A Century For Children." (Day Nursery Association of Cleveland: est. 1882 Unpublished manuscript located at the Western Reserve Historical Society in Cleveland.
Michel, Sonya. Children's Interests/Mothers' Rights: The Shaping of
America's Child Care Policy (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999). xii +
410 pp. Illustrations, appendix, notes, index.
Rose, Elizabeth. A Mother's Job: The History of Day Care, 1890-1960 (New
York: Oxford University Press, 1999). xi + 275 pp. Illustrations, appendix,
notes, index.
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