Figure 1.--This is a gym class at Dudley Grammar School. Here the boys are praticing standing on their heads, I am not sure why several boys are not involved. |
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Gym and pysical educatin in general was an inovation which developed during the 19th century in Europe and North America. Several educators in Europe began to promote the idea of physical education as a valuable part of the curricvulum. Colleges and Universities began to offer physical education programs throughout the the idea was gradually accepted at secondary and primary schools as well. Britiush and German educators played an important role. In the United States, California was the first school to mandate physical education (1866). Over the next 30 years, the other states followed the California example. The actual physical education program has varied greatly over the years. Earky gym classes were very formal Many docused on gymnastics. Drill was often used as well. We see gym classes creating stmetrical freeze-action tableauxs. We are not sure what the value was in these. Major shidts occurred in gym classes after World war I. They began to become less formal. More sports and games were included in the program. Other inovations was teaching dance. Agter World War II, the changes began in the inter-war era were widely adopted. Another trend began in the 1980s. Schools began dropping or cutting back on the physical education program. This is occiring at the same time juvenile obesity is becoming a serious problem.
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