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At the time of World War II, a substasbtial pasrt of the Italian workforce was still involved in Agricultutre, especially in the South. This rapidly declined after the War. After World War II we see a major shift from agriculture, especially traditional grain production. Industry boomed in northern Italy. Much of this was led by the German Economic Miracle. and assisted by the American Marshall Plan. Italian workers found jobs in German factories. The money sent home helped igniter the Italian economy. The German Economic Miracle generated demand for Italian exports, including agricultural products. This all led to the Italian Economic Miracle. And while industrial expansion was in progress, the new Republican Government decided on fundamental land reform. Like America, Italy also has sharecroppers, but the system was different. Until the 1960s it was very common in central and northern Italy. The situation was worst in the south. There were sharecroppers, but many farmers were simple day laborers. A law was passed to assist the peasants to buy the fields where they worked (1950). Another new law prohibited new sharecropping contracts (1964). Finally a law passed converting any remaining sharecropping contracts to rental contracts (1982). We see a shift in agriculture that began before World War II. There was a continuing shidt to high value crops. One unanticipated change was the birth rate fell. Slowly at first and precipitously by the turn of the 21st century. It was quite high until the 1960s, with the economic growth and urbanization, but then it dropped sharply as rural populations declined.
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